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Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers

2024​

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  • Zhao, X., Cheng, Y., Lee, J., & Shaw, J. (2024). Situating deep learning in a relating management approach: Examining the dynamics and outcomes of contingent organization-public relationships (COPRs) in crisis. Public Relations Review, 50(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102437

 

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  • Xu, S., Zhao, X., & Chen, J. (2024). A temporal approach to online discussion during disasters: Applying SIR infectious disease model to predict topic growth and examining effects of temporal distance. Public Relations Review, 50(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102430

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  • Ma, Z., Lu, Y., & Zhao, X. (accepted). Impact of emotional awareness on responses to vaccine-related narrative misinformation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media.

 

2023

 

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  • Ma, Z., Ma, R., Zhao, X., & Wang, X. (2023). Stories that engage the audience: An investigation of popular breast cancer narratives on social media. Telematics & Informatics, 85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2023.102048

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  • Zhao, X. & Tsang, S. J. (2023). How people process different types of health misinformation: Roles of content falsity and evidence type. Health Communication. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2023.2184452

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  • Zhan, M. & Zhao, X. (2023). Fostering organization-public relationships through organizational openness and engagement: A meta-analysis. Journal of Public Relations Research, 35(2), 86-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2160335

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  • Rohde, J. A., Saffer, A. J, & Zhao, X. (2023). Health discussion network characteristics among a sample of people with inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic Illness. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/17423953231164794

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  • Zhan, M., Zhao, X., & Ma, L. (2023). Interplay of message features and source: Predicting twitter users’ engagement behaviors following a terrorist attack. Communication Research Report, 40(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2023.2171380​

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2022​​​

 

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  • Zhao, X., Tsang, S. J., & Xu, S. (2022). Motivated responsibility attribution in a pandemic: Roles of political orientation, perceived severity, and construal level. International Journal of Communication, 16, 2260-2282. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/17832

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  • Zhao, X. & Chen, Y. R. (2022). How brand-stakeholder dialogue drives brand-hosted community engagement on social media: A mixed-methods approach. Computers in Human Behavior [Impact Factor: 8.957], 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107208

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2021

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  • Tsang, S. J., Zhao, X., & Chen, Y. R. (2021). Assessing mechanisms underlying the sharing of official versus nonofficial information during a pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413298 [Impact Factor: 3.390]

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  • Zhao, X. & Tsang, S. J. (2021). Self-protection by fact-checking: How information seeking and verifying affect preventive behaviors in the pandemic. Journal of Contingency and Crisis Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12372 [Impact Factor: 4.391]

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  • Zhao, X. & Oh, H. J. (2021). What fosters interorganizational frame convergence: Examining a semantic network during the opioid crisis. Public Relations Review, 47(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102042 [Impact Factor: 3.488]

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  • Zhan, M., & Zhao, X. (2021). How publics react to issues with risk implications: Extending a relational perspective of issues management. Journal of Contingency and Crisis Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12359 [Impact Factor: 4.391]

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  • Chen, Y.* & Zhao, X.* (* equal authors) (2021). Digital dialogue in online brand communities: Examining the social network outcomes of brands’ dialogue with Facebook users. Telematics & Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101507 [Impact Factor: 9.14]

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2020

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  • Zhao, X., & Fink, E. L. (2020). Proattitudinal versus counterattitudinal messages: Message discrepancy, reactance, and the boomerang effect. Communication Monographs, advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2020.1813317 [Impact Factor: 8.667]

 

  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Ma, L. (2020). How publics react to situational and renewing organizational responses across crises: Examining SCCT and DOR in social-mediated crises. Public Relations Review, 46(4), advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101944 [Impact Factor: 3.488]

 

2019

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  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Liu, B. F. (2019). Understanding motivated publics during disasters: Examining message functions, frames, and styles of social media influentials and followers. Journal of Contingency and Crisis Management, 27, 387-399. doi:10.1111/1468-5973.12279

 

  • Zhao, X., & Zhan, M. (2019). Appealing to the heart: How social media communication characteristics affect audiences’ message favorability during Manchester terrorist attack. International Journal of Communication, 13, 3826–3847.

 

2018

 

  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Liu, B. F. (2018). Disentangling social media influence in crises: Testing a four-factor model of social media influence with large data. Public Relations Review, 44, 549-561. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.08.002

 

  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Jie, C. (2018). Examining multiplicity and dynamics of publics' crisis narratives with large-scale Twitter data. Public Relations Review, 44, 619-632. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.07.004

 

  • Zhao, X., Yang, B., & Wong, C.-W. (2018). Analyzing trend for immigrants’ e-health engagement from 2008 to 2013. Health Communication, 16, 1-11. doi:10.1080/10410236.2018.1475999

 

  • Yang, B., & Zhao, X. (2018). TV, social media, and college students’ binge drinking intentions: Moderated mediation models. Journal of Health Communication, 1, 61-71. doi:10.1080/10810730.2017.1411995

 

  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Wong, C.-W. (2018). Segmenting and understanding publics in a social media information sharing network: An interactional and dynamic approach. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 12, 25-45. doi:10.1080/1553118X.2017.1379013

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Book Chapter

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  • Zhao, X. (2022). Toward more valid and transparent research: A methodological review of social media and crisis communication. Social Media and Crisis Communication (2nd Ed.). Taylor & Francis.

 

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Software​​​

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Selected Refereed Conference Publications​

 

  • Ma, R. & Zhao, X. (2023). How gay and bisexual men respond to mpox messages through risk- versus identity-based mechanisms: An integrated model. Paper submitted to the annual conference of National Communication Association (Top Paper Award, Health Communication Division), National Harbor, MD. 

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  • Zhao, X., & Wong, C.-W. (2023). Transformer- and Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis as a Web Service. Paper to be presented at the 73rd Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Computational Methods Division). [video]

 

  • Zhao, X., Ma, Z., Xu, S., & Austin, L. (2022). How information repertoire affects vaccine hesitancy: Processes of information verification and cognitive elaboration. Paper to be presented at the 72nd Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Information Systems Division). [video]

 

  • Zhao, X., Wang, X., Ma, Z., & Ma, R. (2022). Sequence of emotions in social stories: Examining user engagement with breast cancer narratives on Facebook. Paper to be presented at the 72nd Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Health Communication Division). [video]

 

  • Zhao, X., Xu, S., & Austin, L. (2022). Medium and source convergence in crisis information acquisition: Patterns, antecedents, and outcomes. Paper to be presented at the 72nd Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Mass Communication Division). [video]

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  • Zhao, X., & Chen, Y. R. (2021). Mechanisms of digital dialogue in driving online brand community engagement. Paper to be presented at the 107th Annual Conference of National Communication Association (Public Relations Division), Seattle, WA. [video]​

 

  • Wu, J., Wong, C.-W., Zhao, X., & Liu, X. (2021). Toward effective automated content analysis via crowdsourcing. Paper to be presented to the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.04615 [slides] [video]

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  • Zhao, X., Tsang, S. J., & Xu, S. (2021). Motivated responsibility attribution in pandemic: An integrated framework of antecedents, processes and outcomes. Paper presented at the 71st Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Public Relations Division), Virtual Conference (COVID-19). [video]

 

  • Zhao, X. (2021). Examining social media influentials’ frame building across crisis clusters: A multilevel perspective. Paper presented at the 71st Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Public Relations Division), Virtual Conference (COVID-19). [video]

 

  • Zhan, M., & Zhao, X. (2020, May). Organizational openness, public engagement, and organization-public relationships: A meta-analysis. Paper presented at 70th Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Top Faculty Papers, Public Relations Division), Australia.

 

  • Zhao, X., & Fink, E. L. (2018, May). Two routes to the boomerang effect: Proattitudinal versus counterattitudinal messages. Paper presented at the 68th Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Top Faculty Papers, Information System Division), Prague.

 

  • Zhao, X., Zhan, M., & Wong, C.-W. (2017, May). Evolving publics, evolving messages: Analyzing publics’ information sharing network in a social-mediated crisis. Paper presented at the 67th Annual Conference of International Communication Association (Top Student Papers, Public Relations Division), San Diego, CA.

 

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